Fuel burner



.lT BLlzARD FUEL BURNER Sept.-27, 1932.

Filed Dec. 17. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept. 27, 1932. J. BLlzARD l FUEL BURNER Filed Dec.

1'?,y 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 27, 1932 unirse stares JOE-EN BLIZLRD, OF GARDEN CITY,'NEW YORK, ASSIG'NOR TO FOSTER VHEETLLCORIPO'..A.l

igsiasz mirar rrics TION, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK Y 'FUEL BURNER j Application led. December 17,1927.` Serial No. 240,695.

The present invention relates to the construction and operation of fuel lburners and particularly to fuel burners through which a mixture of commiiiuted fuel and air is discharged into a combustionchamber. The

wit-li particularity in the claims' annexed toand forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention, however, and the advantages possessed by it reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I l have illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Of the drawings:

Fig. l is an elevation in section of a preferred embodiment of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a section ontheline 2-2 of Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3 3 of Fig.-

1; and

In the drawings I have illustrated a preferred embodiment of my inventioiimounted in a fuel inlet opening A in a wail ofa combustion chamber A.. My burner comprises an outer casing structure B divided into three sections B, B2 and B3. The section B consists of a substantially conical shaped casing member forming a lining for the tapered outer portion of the Venturi-shaped fuel inlet opening A. The iniddlesection B2 is substantially cylindrical in form and connected by annular flanges to the adjacent sections B and B3. rlhe section B2 is positioned chiefly between the masonry wall structure and a.

metallic reinforcing beam A2 of the furnace Wall. The outer section B3 consists of a flared casing, having its enlarged inner end connected to the casing section B2' and its outer end connected to a fuel conveying pipe B4, through which the combustible mixture of air and fuel is passed to the fuel inlet AH Mounted within the casing B is a composite mechanism for regulating and directing the flow of combustible mixture into the fuel inlet opening A. This mechanism comprises a cylindrical inner casing member C,

preferably concentric with the outer casing section B2 Land closed at itsouter end by an integral tapered end section C. The cylindrical portion is provided with a plurality o-f integral radially projecting vanes C2, extending longitudinally thereof. The vanes are angularly spaced 120 and act as spacers j to definitely position the casing C with respectto the outer casing B. The outer edge V i of each vane C2 is rounded off and arranged for 'slidable movement g in a corresponding groove B5 formed in the casing section B2. Each vane is cut away'along a line' parallel to the inner side of the tapered casing section B1 as shown at C4.

The tapered end of the casing C is formed ,f

with a threaded central opening C5. Projecting longitudinally from the outer end of the casing C towards the wall opening A are a pair of semi-cylindrical guidermembers C6, having their adjacent sides spaced apart alongthevertical center line of the burner v and arranged to form longitudinal guide- Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4 4. of Fig. 1. Y

C7 detachablyk secured to bosses C8 on each` member. The hub C" of the spider is provided with an opening C1? therethrough.

The burner is arranged with a tip*y member D having a. circular hollow outer end portion D and a. substantially conical inner end portion D2. The outer section D is cut away to form ribs D3 at the top and bottom thereof, which fit into vthe guidewaysformed by the semi-cylindrical members@6 as shown in Fig. 3.V The tip D is made of heat resistant material, such as carborundum, to withstand the high temperatures adjacent that part of the inlet opening. Y

A diffuser member E is slidably mounted within the inner casing C between the guide members and casing and is formed of concentric cylindrical rings E and E2, integrally connected at spaced points about their circinnference by radial flanges E3. A vertical reinforcing bar E4 extends'across the outer end of the ring E and is arranged with an enlarged central hub portion having a threaded opening E6 therein. As shown in Figs. l and 2 the reinforcing bar E4 extends through the guidways formed by the guides E, so that on a longitudinal movement of the diifuser member E, the bar E4 moves along the guideways thereby preventing rotation of the diffuser. The rings Ef and E2 are integrally connected at vtheir inner Aends -by an annular inclined wall E7, on which lis formed a plurality of flow directing or `diffuser blades K extending longitudinally of the burner. As shown in Fig. .3, cach ofthe blades K is'arranged at an angle to a tangent at the point .of contact'with the inner ring E', which 'preferably is made about 45. Each blade K has a flat side K and acurved side K2 tapering as it approaches the knozzle tip D. The inner end of each blade vis cut away at an angle corresponding to the angle ofthe inner casing section B with the burner longitudinal axis.

` The outer vcasing section BV3 is provided with a boss M on the outer curved portion thereof. An open-ing is arranged in the boss M for the passage therethrough of al tube F,

having a threaded inner 'end F', secured in the threaded opening C5 of the Vcasing C.

The tube 'F 4has a threadedouter end F2 on which is secured acollar F3. Mounted onl the collar F3 vis an indicator support l?"1 to which yis secured -a stationary pointerF, the upper end of which is bentwoverand pointed as at F6. An operating lrod G lis `arranged within the tube F and provided with .a threaded portion G passing through the threaded -opening E6 of the bar 'The inner -end VG2 of the rod Gr is constructed fot smaller diameter than the threaded portion the collar Gf'is provided with aprojectingv arm GS having its outer end bent to engage a curved notch L" in the bottom of an inv dica-tor discL having 1indices marked on its periphery. The disc L is pivot-ally mounted on the arm Fl and providedv with similar notches L' extending around its circ-umference. The parts are so arranged that .a complete rotation of 'the Yhandwheel advances the disc one notch and the arm G8 will then be in Contact with the next notch.

The upper half M of the boss M'has a horizontal hinge connection with the lower half M2. The parts are providedV with -a vsuitable clamping lever M3 4which eiects a clampingv action of the boss parts on the tube F when the lever is in one position and permits longitudinal movement of the tube through the boss when in another position.

With the apparatus constructed as described, a combustible mixture of comminuted fuel such as powdered coal, and airis 2 .mixture is directed longitudinally, eddy currents substantially eliminated, and stratification .ofthe fuel avoided.

Theyfuel and air mixture then passes' th-roughthe annular channel formed between the .burner .tip yDland :the tapered casing section Bf 'On a rotation of the hand vvhee'lGr5 the diffuser blades are Y correspondingly advanced into oravithdrawn from that channel.

' The blades liefe-ct arotary movement ofthe portion `ofthe combustible mixture adjacent thereto and contacting therewith Aand fas Vthe blades are further advanced'into the channel a-greater portionof the mixture will receive a rotary movement until at the extreme position of the diffuser blades Kshown in dotted lines .in Eig. l, .all of the mixture will yreceive arotary movement. The rotative effect of .the blades K providea more-uniform mixture 'of the fuel .and aia` and the angular velocity of. the mixture fasi't passes :through the Venturi throat portion ydistributes the combustible mixture over va .considerable portion of thel combustion-chamber. i u

The velocity .ofthe stream of combustible mixture at the tip end D2 maybe varied by moving the .tip D :inwardly to decrease the effective-discharge area :of the throat passage into the combustion cham-ber. |The tip moved .by releasing the cla-mp lever M3 Iand sliding the Whole internal burner structure longitudinally of the casing B. During this longitudinal movement, the vanes 'C2 Vmove lin the grooves B5. 'The guide blades K areV moved longitudinally wit-h the'burner structure and operate yas described to give a `rotary movement to the stream, of combustible mixture. vWhen the bur-ner has been moved to the desired portion, the clamp lever M3 is operated to :lock the tube F in that position. The outer portion of the tube F is marked in suitably-spaced lines F7 to indicate the position of the burner tip Within the opening to the combustion chamber.

A rotary movement of the hand 'wheeln causes theprojecting arm Gato turn therewithto rotate lthe disc L. The pointer being stationary indicates on the disc the relative longitudinal position of thev blades K in the casing section B.

My invention thus comprises a comm'inuted' fuel burner structure, the mechanism of which maybe adjusted in a wall opening with respect -to the combustion chamber to regula-te i llaa the mass flow of fuel and air or to regulate the velocity relatively to the mass flow. Parts of the burner mechanism can be independently moved to effect a rotary movement of the vmii(-` structure. The uniform mixture of fuel and air obtained results in complete combustion of the fuel with a high operating efficiency. The indicating devices permit the use of relatively unskilled operating labor.

Vhile in accordance with the provisions of the statutes, l have illustrated and described the best forni of embodiment of my invention now known to me, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the form ofthe apparatus disclosed without departing from the spirit of my invention as set forth in the appended claims and that in some cases certain features of my invention may be used to advantage without a corresponding use of other features.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. rlhe combination with a combustion chamber wall having a fuel inlet opening therein, of a comminuted fuel burner comprising a combustible mixture conveying casing communicating with said wall opening and flow controlling mechanism positioned within said casing and including means for varying the effective discharge area of said wall opening, and flow directing means for directing the flow of the combustible mii;- ture to give a rotary movement thereto including provisions independentlymovable longitudinally in said casing to vary the rotary movement of said mixture during its passage through said wall opening, and mechanism operable independently of said discharge area varying means for moving said flow directing provisions. y

2. rlhe combination with a combustion chamber wall having a fuel inlet opening therein, of a comminuted fuel burner comprising a burner casino; communicating with said wall opening and connected to fuel conveying conduit at its outer end, flow controlling mechanism mounted Within and spaced from said burner casing to provide a passage therebetween for the flow of a combustible mixture of fuel and air, a series of longitudinally extending transversely inclined flow directing blades mounted in said controlling mechanism, and means for projecting said blades from an initially ineffective position into said passage to effect a rotary movement of said combustible mixture.

3. The combination with a combustion chamber wall having a fuel inlet opening therein, of a comminuted fuel burner comprising an outer casing communicating with said wall opening,- and flow controlling mechanism mounted in saidV outer casing'and in-v cluding an inner casing radially spacedfrom :i

said outerv casingandV forming an annular passage therebetween, la series of longitudinally extending transversely inclined-'flow directingfblades mounted Von said inner casing, and means for :longitudinally moving said inner casingandV blades relatively to said opening.

Ll. The combination with a combustion chamber Wall having a fuel inlet opening therein, of a comminuted fuel burner comprising an outer casing communicating with said wall opening, iow'controlling mecha- Y nism mounted in said outer casing and including an inner casing radially spaced from said outer casing and forming an annular flow passa-ge therebetween, a series of longitudinally extending transversely inclined blades `mounted within said inner casing, means forV longitudinally "moving said inner casing and blades relatively to said wall opening, and means for moving said blades longitudinally in said flow passage relatively to said inner casing.

5. The combination with a combustion chamberk wally having a fuel inlet opening therein, of a. comminuted fuel burner 'comprising an outer casingy .communicating with Y said wall opening, an inner casing radially spaced from said outer casing, a diduser ring slidably mounted in said inner casing, flow directing blades mounted on said ring, 4a'

burner tip of refractory vrmaterial mounted in said inner casing, means for simultaneously moving said ring andtip longitudinally of said out r casing, and means for independently moving' one ofsaid members longitudinally. I

6. Thew'combination with a combustion vchamber Wall having fuel inlet opening therein, of a comminuted fuel burner comprising an outer casing communicating with said wall opening, an inner casing radially spaced'from'said outer casing and forming an ,annular flow passage therebetween, a pair of guide members mounted in said inner casing, a diffuser ring, flow directing blades` coniiectedto said ring, a refractory burner tip secured to said guide members, and means for simultaneously moving` said casing, guide members and tip longitudinally in said wall opening.

7. The combination with a combustion chamber wall having a fuel :inlet opening therein, vof a comminuted fuel burner comprising an outer casing communicating with said wall opening, an ,inner'casing radially spaced from said louter casing and forming an annular passage therebetween, a diffuser ing slidably mounted in said inner casing, flow directing blades mounted on said ring,

a refractory burner'tip mounted inA said' in ner casing., means for simultaneously efecting a longitudinal movement offsaid inner casing, diifuser ring,y and tipmeans; for'independently movingr said,v diuser ring, and:

` means oriindicatingth'e positionzof said in;-

ercasingjand ti-p relative to said, wall1openingr! v l 8.V The combination with a combustion.

cnamber wall liavingf a fuel .inlet opening therein, of a comminut'ed fuel burner comprising an outer casing communicating withf said wall: opening, an inner casing radially spaced-,from said outer casing and forming' an annularl passage; therebetween, a diuser ringI slidably mounted in said; inner' casing, a` plurality of flow` directing blades mounted onrsaid ring; arefractory burner tip; mounted in said innerk casing, means: for'siniultaneousiyeliectingA a longitudinal; movement of said inner casing, diffuser' ring,A and. tip., means for independently" moving said .diuser ring, and means for indicating the position of. said diuser ring relative to said wall opening.

9; The combi-nation withl a combustion Vchamber wall having a fuel` inlet opening therein, of a comminuted. fuel burnerv com-- prising an outer combustible mixtureiconvey'- ing 'easing communicating with. said wall openingg, and liowr controlling mechanism including an inner casing positioned within said. outerl casingand forming an. annular` iow passage therebetween,l How directing vanesfon said inner. casing and. slidably mounted: in said. outer casing,;ar diffuser'ring slidably mounted in said inner casing,.guide means for* preventing rotation ofv said. ringv in, saidinner casing, aplurality of trans verselyy inclined' flow directing' bladesv projectinglongitudinally from said ring, means for electing a' longitudinal bodily movement of said inner easing and ring, and means for independentlyl moving said. blades longitudinally of said: wall,- opening;

10,.l The combination with a vcombustion e chamber wall having a fuel inlet. opening therein, ofa comminuted fuel burner oomprising: an outer combustible mixture con'- veying casing' communicating with said wall openin-g'and ow'controlling mechanism inclu'ding an inner casingA positioned `withinsaid outer casingv and providing an annular 1s, waneer moving` saidlk blades; longitudinally' of said WallV opening comprising a longitudinally ad.,- justableoperating; rod: extending through said: tube. c

Sign-ed New Yorkc-ity,lthefcounty o NewI York and State of' New day ofzDecember, D; 1927.

p JOHN BLIZARD.,

York. this. Met-h'v 

